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what is DNS Spoofing


Description: Domain Name Server (DNS) resolves the alphabetical domain names like www.example.com into respective IP addresses that is used for locating and communicating between nodes on the Internet. DNS spoofing is done by replacing the IP addresses stored in the DNS server with the ones under control of the attacker. Once it is done, whenever users try to go to a particular website, they get directed to the false websites placed by the attacker in the spoofed DNS server. There are mainly two methods by which DNS spoofing is carried out – DNS cache poisoning and DNS ID spoofing. In DNS cache poisoning, the local DNS server is replaced with compromised DNS server containing customized entries of genuine website names with attacker’s own IP addresses. Hence, when a request is sent to the local DNS server for IP resolution, it communicates with the compromised DNS server, resulting in the user being redirected to a false website planted by the attacker. In DNS ID spoofing, the packet ID and IP information generated for the resolve request sent by the client is duplicated with false information inside it. As the response ID matches the request ID, the client accepts the response containing the information that is not expected. Common tips to prevent DNS Spoofing include maintaining the DNS software up-to-date, maintaining separate servers for public and internal services and using secure keys to sign updates received from other DNS servers to avoid updates from non-trusted sources.

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